Resumen
OBJETIVOS:Determinar los factores de riesgo para resultado adverso entre los pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) isquémico agudo.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles. Se analizaron pacientes con un desenlace adverso al egreso con una escala de Rankin modificada mayor o igual a 3, contra los pacientes con un desenlace calificado como favorable por una escala menor o igual a 2. Se compararon los 2 grupos para determinar los factores que podrían estar relacionados con un desenlace adverso. Como desenlace secundario se analizaron los factores de riesgo asociados con mortalidad intrahospitalaria. En cuanto a las técnicas estadísticas, se realizó un análisis univariado y otro multivariado por regresión logística, con ajuste por variables como la edad y la severidad, medidas por la escala de NIHSS, conocidos previamente como factores de riesgo para desenlace adverso.
RESULTADOS:Los factores de riesgo relacionados con un desenlace adverso entre los pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo fueron los antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, fibrilación auricular, la etiología cardioembólica y el hecho de ser candidato a trombolisis. Como factor protector se encontró la rápida mejoría.
CONCLUSIONES:Los factores de riesgo encontrados en el estudio para desenlace adverso en ACV isquémico agudo son similares a los descritos previamente, aunque estos se han relacionado con desenlace en general, no solo para la entidad analizada.
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