Resumen
El Síndrome de Piernas Inquietas (SPI) es un desorden sensitivo motor primario, frecuente pero subdiagnosticado. Clínicamente definido por la (I) Urgencia o irresistible necesidad de mover las piernas, acompañada de sensación desagradable en ellas, (II) La presentación de los síntomas o empeoramiento durante el sueño, el reposo o la inactividad, (III) La mejoría total o parcial moviendo las piernas y (IV) El empeoramiento o aparición principalmente al atardecer o durante la noche. El reto diagnóstico es diferenciar el SPI de los trastornos con síntomas parecidos como son la polineuropatía, el mioclonus, la enfermedad arterial entre otros, para poder dar a cada paciente el mejor tratamiento dependiendo de su grado de compromiso, sus síntomas dolorosos asociados y las coomorbilidades presentes. Existen varias opciones de tratamiento como la levodopa, el gabapentín y el hierro oral, pero los agonistas dopaminérgicos persisten como el manejo de elección ya que la mayoría de los pacientes responden favorablemente con ellos.
Citas
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