Resumen
INTRODUCCIÓN. El estudio de factores emergentes de riesgo para enfermedad cerebrovascular ha cobrado importancia, especialmente el de las infecciones y los estados inflamatorios. Nuestro grupo ha postulado que en nuestra población dietas inapropiadas y la baja infraestructura sanitaria, puede generar un estado de inflamación crónica.
OBJETIVO. Determinar la asociación entre el grosor de íntima media carotideo (GIM) y los niveles de marcadores inflamación.
MÉTODOS. Estudio transversal analítico de 34 pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica y 34 sujetos sanos pareados por edad, género y procedencia geográfica. La población de estudio es una submuestra del estudio multicéntrico nacional de factores de riesgo para enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica (FREC-VI). Se tomaron muestras sanguíneas para determinación de factor de necrosis tumoral alpha, interleucina 6 y proteína C reactiva (FNT?, IL6, PCR), fibrinógeno y eco doppler color carotídeo.
RESULTADOS. Los niveles de PCR e IL6 se encontraron significativamente más elevados en los sujetos casos comparados con los controles, p=0.001 y p=0.0001 respectivamente. El fibrinógeno y el FNT? no mostraron diferencias significativas. No se encontraron diferencias en los valores del grosor íntima media en las arterias carótidas comunes e internas. El OR para PCR fue de 8.39 (IC95%:1.38-50.65), para IL6 de 1.45 (IC95%:1.07-1.95), y para FNT? 1.11 (IC95%: 0.99-1.23). La PCR y la IL6 presentaron correlaciones significativas con el grosor íntima media de la carótida externa derecha.
CONCLUSIONES. La IL6 y la PCR son los marcadores inflamatorios asociados al ataque cerebrovascular isquémico. Los niveles elevados de PCR e IL6 se correlacionan directamente con el grosor íntima media de la arteria carótida externa derecha. No se encontró asociación del FNT? y el fibrinógeno con GIM (Acta Neurol Colomb 2006;22:3-11).
Citas
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